Keywords: Angiogenesis,VEGF,MVD,Antiangiogenesis,prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer in the male. It is the second
leading cause of cancer deaths in men in the UK and USA, after lung cancer [1].
The prevalence of prostate cancer is so high that it could almost be considered a
normal age-related phenomenon. An estimated 164,690 new cases will be
diagnosed, with 29,430 deaths in the United States in 2018 [2]. Clinical and
experimental observations suggest that genetic, environmental, hormonal factors
and acquired somatic mutations have roles in pathogenesis of prostate cancer. The
detection of localized disease with digital rectal examination, serum prostate specific
antigen (PSA) measurement and transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies is the most
realistic opportunity for cure. With the various treatments available, 90% of

patients with localized disease expect to live for 15 years, whereas patients with
disseminated cancer have only a 10-40%- 10 year survival rate [3,4]. There are
several classes of prognostic factors in this disease like clinical T stage, serum PSA,
pathological staging and grading, various molecular markers and angiogenesis
factors. Radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy are the
main conventional treatments for prostate cancer. However, several gene based
approaches have been devised including inhibition of angiogenesis [5,6]. With this
recent advent of targeted biological therapy, various prognostic factors need to
be studied and worth analysed. This article reviews pathophysiology and role of
angiogenesis in prostatic cancer along with its prognostic and therapeutic value.