Each year, more than 4 million people get infected with HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus),
and almost 2.5 million people die from AIDS, which has become the fourth biggest reason for
mortality worldwide. The magnitude of this problem has led to the allocation of a lot of resources
to the study of HIV, the major goals of this research being the development of anti-retroviral
drugs and a vaccine. AIDS was discovered in 1981 and the responsible virus for this devastating
disease is human immunodeficiency virus. This progressive, degenerative disease reduces the
effectiveness of humans' immune system and leaves individuals more susceptible to opportunistic
infections and tumors (Siegal F B, 1981).